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Environment Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Set – 2

This is the second set of Multiple choice questions related to Environment. It covers several topics including wildlife, biodiversity, ecology, pollution and climate change. We hope that civil service aspirants and candidates of other competitive examinations will find these question answers useful. Don’t forget to check the first set of Environment MCQs.

Multiple Choice Questions on Environment:

1. Kyoto Protocol in an important international treaty. Following sentences are related to this protocol. Find the wrong one:
a) Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997.
b) The first commitment period of Kyoto Protocol ended in 2012
c) Kyoto Protocol is about reduction of emission of greenhouse gases.
d) The second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol will end in 2030.

Answer: d) Second commitment period will end in 2020, not in 2030.
Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, on 11 December 1997. It commits associated parties (countries) by setting internationally binding emission reduction targets. The first commitment period ended in 2012. The second commitment period will end in 2020.

2. The carbon-dioxide content in the Earth’s atmosphere is currently around 400 ppm. It is estimated that before 1500 AD, CO2 content in earth’s atmosphere was between 200 and 300 ppm. Which of the following greatly contributed this change?
a) Invention of agriculture
b) Industrial Revolution
c) American Revolution
d) World War I and II
Answer: b) Industrial Revolution. Since industrial revolution human activities have increased drastically. CO2 content increased due to various reasons including burning of fossil fuels, arrival of machines, clearing of forests, installation of factories etc.

3. Which of the following appears to contribute to global cooling rather than global warming?
a) nitrous oxide
b) aerosols
b) methane
c) chlorofluorocarbons

Answer: b) Aerosols
Aerosols are minute particles that suspended in the atmosphere. Most aerosols are brighter in colour and they reflect sunlight back to space. Thus they help in cooling the Earth.

4. Biodiversity is highest in which type of the following forests?
a) Alpine meadows
b) Deciduous monsoon forests
c) Coniferous forests
d) Wet evergreen equatorial forests
[ESE 2014]

Answer: d) Wet Evergreen Equatorial forests support highest level of biodiversity. Tropical evergreen forests are multi-layered, dense and are home to many types of plants and animals. Such forests are found in areas with high humidity, heavy rainfall and short dry season. High species richness and diversity are observed in such forests.

18. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is mandatory under which one of the following India legislations:
a) Indian Forest Act
b) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
c) Wildlife Protection Act
d) Environment (Protection) Act

Answer: d) Under Environment (Protection) Act 1986, EIA is now mandatory for 29 categories of developmental activities which involve investment of more than Rs 50 Crores.

19. Mercury is considered hazardous to human health. It damages brain, kidneys and lungs and also results in various diseases. Mercury pollution is a serious issue because:
a) Mercury is a pure metal and hard to digest.
b) Mercury accumulates and concentration increases high up the food chain.
b) Mercury is light and easily dispersed by wind.
d) Mercury is very soluble in water and easily absorbed by human body.

Answer: b) Mercury Biomagnifies in aquatic environment. Biomagnification or bioamplification means the concentration of the contaminant increases with the trophic level of the organism. Due to consumption of fish, human gets exposed to Mercury.

20. What is Eutrophication?
a) thermal change in water
b) filling up of water body with aquatic plants due to excessive nutrients
c) pollution of water due to solid waste
d) none of the above

Answer: b) Eutrophication is the process of excessive accumulation of nutrients in water bodies such as lakes and ponds and subsequent proliferation of algae and aquatic plants. The is a serious issue in many areas. Because bloom of algae and plant life depletes oxygen in water and threaten the existence of other aquatic life.

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